Effect of Poly-plant Parts Preparations on the Liver Functions, Oxidant/antioxidant Status and Lipid Metabolism Parameters during Benzo[a]pyrene-induced Experimental Hepatotoxicity

Authors

1 Home economics Helwan University

2 Faculty of Home Economics, Minoufiya University

3 Home Economics Department- Faculty of Specific Education - Kafrelsheikh University

Abstract

Liver toxicity, or hepatotoxicity, occurs when the liver is damaged by harmful substances, like benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), an environmental and food contaminant. While many studies have explored the protective effects of plant compounds against B[a]P toxicity, most focused on single plant sources. The present study aims to evaluate the potential hepatoprotective effects of a combination of plant extracts against B[a]P-induced liver damage. Forty-eight rats were divided into two primary groups: group 1 (6 rats) maintained on a basal diet (BD) as a normal control, and group 2 (42 rats) injected with B[a]P to induce liver toxicity. The B[a]P-treated rats were further divided: Group 2 received no treatment, groups 3–5 received ethanol extracts of formula 1 at doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg body weight (bw)/day, and groups 6–8 received formula 2 at the same doses. B[a]P administration significantly (p≤0.05) increased hepatic glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) activity by 297.33%, total cholesterol by 19.62%, LDL-c by 59.01%, hepatic reactive oxygen species by 109.21%, and cytochrome P450 expression by 74.51%. Conversely, it significantly reduced serum triglycerides by 48.65%, serum HDL-c by 38.62%, body weight gain by 10.37%, hepatic glycogen by 63.34%, G6PD activity by 61.26%, and antioxidant enzyme activities like glutathione peroxidase (-48.31%), catalase (-29.84%), and superoxide dismutase (-42.94%). Supplementation with the extracts (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg bw/day) over 28 days significantly improved liver function, antioxidant status, lipid metabolism, and liver histopathology. These results suggest that the tested plant-based formulae may serve as potential hepatoprotective agents for liver disorders.

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