Study of organic and inorganic mineral pigments of the ancient Egyptians

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Conservation Department-Fine arts faculty- Minia University -Minia-Egypt

Abstract

This research deals with a study of the most important pigments of organic and inorganic mineral origin used by ancient Egyptians to decorate the walls of temples and cemeteries and to decorate archaeological collections. The research also deals with the origin of these colors, their chemical composition and the way they are prepared. There were many colored materials used by the ancient Egyptian throughout the ages, including white, red, blue, green and black materials, where hematite was used as a red color and yellow ochre since the pre-dynastic era. In the Fourth Dynasty, Egyptian blue was used as the first industrial color in history. The Greco-Roman era was the first appearance of the color red lead, and in the later times was the beginning of the use of the color red cinnabar.
The ancient Egyptian was drawing and recording his daily works that he performed on the walls of tombs and also he was recording religious texts on coffins and papyrus, where he believed in resurrection, immortality and the afterlife after death, so he resorted to drawing and recording his daily life on walls, tombs and temples for two purposes, one religious and the other worldly.

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