Total foreign trade and its efficiency criteria for some Nile Basin countries

The study found the following main results:
1- The rate of increase in the value of total exports to some Nile Basin countries during the period (2000-2018) reached 101,187% of the total value of exports during 2008.
2- The rate of increase in the value of total imports for some Nile Basin countries during the period (2000-2018) reached 307.00% of the total value of imports during 2008.
3- The value of the economic exposure rate of the total foreign trade of some Nile Basin countries reached its minimum level in the State of Sudan about 25.51%, while its maximum in the State of the Congo reached about 97.82% during the period (2000-2018).
Recommendations regarding Egypt’s trade relationship between Egypt and some Nile Basin countries:
1- The need to maintain the high level of total trade exchange between Egypt and (Kenya, Ethiopia, Tanzania) respectively, and the level of trade exchange between Egypt and the rest of the countries has been improved.
2- The necessity of maintaining the high level of agricultural trade exchange between Egypt and (Kenya, Ethiopia) respectively, and the improvement of agricultural trade exchange and the rest of the countries.
3- Paying attention to the State of Kenya, as it has the highest commercial exposure to agricultural trade among the Nile Basin countries, and considering it a single market that enables agricultural trade between it and Egypt